1.Abstract
We mainly use cobalt in alloys. Super alloys if in gas turbine engines. We also use cobalt in magnets and magnetic media. It also goes in catalysts for petroleum and other chemical industries. It can also be used to impart blue color to ceramics and glass. Cobalt comes from various minerals. Cobalt is made when the ore is roasted to form mixtures of metals and metal oxides. Treatment with sulphuric acid leave metallic copper as a residue and dissolves out iron, cobalt, and nickel.
If exposed to cobalt it could cause a mild irritation to respiratory tract. Repeated contact may cause your skin to have and allergic reaction to cobalt. Repeated inhalation my cause asthma. When cobalt is heated it reacts with halogens and other nonmetals. Nonmetals include boron, carbon, phosphorus, and arsenic. It is against federal law to dispose of cobalt down the drain. An alternative for cobalt would be boron. Boron would cost $100 per gram.
I believe Cobalt is a legitimate chemical. Cobalt is cheaper then the alternative chemical. It also does not cause any serious health issues besides asthma. But this only happens after a serious inhalation of the chemical. There is no need to take any actions about cobalt.
2. Background
How we use chemicals/what its in- Cobalt is used in many alloys (super alloys for parts in gas turbine aircraft engines, corrosion resistant alloys, high-speed steels, cemented carbides), in magnets and magnetic recording media, as catalysts for the petroleum and chemical industries, as drying agents for paints and inks.
3. Synthesis/Production
how to make cobalt-
Normally the ore is roasted to form a mixture of metals and metal oxides. Treatment with sulphuric acid leaves metallic copper as a residue and dissolves out iron, cobalt, and nickel as the sulphates. Cobalt's primary ores are cobaltite (CoAsS) and erythrite (Co3(AsO4)2).
Refinement of chemical- Cobalt is usually recovered as a byproduct of mining and refining nickel, silver, lead, copper, and iron.
Synthesis of products- cobalt is used in electroplating to give objects an attractive surface that resists oxidation, it is more widely used to form alloys. Alloy consisting of aluminum, nickel and cobalt is used to make powerful permanent magnets. Stellite alloys, which contain cobalt, chromium and tungsten, are used to make high-speed and high temperature cutting tools and dyes. Cobalt is also used to make alloys for jet engines and gas turbines, magnetic steels and some types of stainless steels.
4.Human health implications
Chemical dangers-
Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air-physical
Chemical dangers- the substance may spontaneously ignite on contact with air or acetylene, when finely divided. Reacts with strong oxidants, causing fire and explosion hazard.
Exposures- The substance (as fume or dust) is mildly irritating to the respiratory tract.
Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. Repeated or prolonged inhalation exposure may cause asthma. Lungs may be affected by repeated or prolonged exposure. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
5. Environmental implications
reactions with chemicals:
When cobalt is heated, it reacts with halogens and other nonmetals.
Nonmetals: boron, carbon, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and sulfur.
in general cobalt doesn’t react with air until it is heated and the oxide Co3O4 is created.
Reaction of cobalt with the halogens- Cobalt(II) bromide, CoBr2 is created when cobalt metal and bromine react with one another, the final reaction gives off a green color
How to dispose of cobalt:
It is against Federal law to dispose of cobalt down the drain. All cobalt etching solutions and the rinse water from the first four rinses must be captured, labeled as Hazardous Waste
6.Economic/Political Impact
Cost of alternatives- $100 per gram for boron
What products would we not have if it were banned- alloy, magnets, jet engines
Which countries sell cobalt- china
How/If a ban affects you (or the average American)- the ban would affect the average American because almost everything has a magnet in it which means cobalt is in almost everything.
7.Summary
If we compare the cost the alternative chemical is $100 per gram. Cobalt is only $21 per gram. This is already a benefit. Cobalt does have one disadvantage to it because it causes asthma if inhaled enough. But it has to be seriously inhaled. Cobalt is also found in various minerals. Which is using our resources./Users/ksample/Desktop/Picture clipping.pictClipping
Iron Stream
1. Abstract
We mainly use cobalt in alloys. Super alloys if in gas turbine engines. We also use cobalt in magnets and magnetic media. It also goes in catalysts for petroleum and other chemical industries. It can also be used to impart blue color to ceramics and glass. Cobalt comes from various minerals. Cobalt is made when the ore is roasted to form mixtures of metals and metal oxides. Treatment with sulphuric acid leave metallic copper as a residue and dissolves out iron, cobalt, and nickel.
If exposed to cobalt it could cause a mild irritation to respiratory tract. Repeated contact may cause your skin to have and allergic reaction to cobalt. Repeated inhalation my cause asthma. When cobalt is heated it reacts with halogens and other nonmetals. Nonmetals include boron, carbon, phosphorus, and arsenic. It is against federal law to dispose of cobalt down the drain. An alternative for cobalt would be boron. Boron would cost $100 per gram.
I believe Cobalt is a legitimate chemical. Cobalt is cheaper then the alternative chemical. It also does not cause any serious health issues besides asthma. But this only happens after a serious inhalation of the chemical. There is no need to take any actions about cobalt.
2. Background
How we use chemicals/what its in- Cobalt is used in many alloys (super alloys for parts in gas turbine aircraft engines, corrosion resistant alloys, high-speed steels, cemented carbides), in magnets and magnetic recording media, as catalysts for the petroleum and chemical industries, as drying agents for paints and inks.
3. Synthesis/Production
how to make cobalt-
Normally the ore is roasted to form a mixture of metals and metal oxides. Treatment with sulphuric acid leaves metallic copper as a residue and dissolves out iron, cobalt, and nickel as the sulphates. Cobalt's primary ores are cobaltite (CoAsS) and erythrite (Co3(AsO4)2).
Refinement of chemical- Cobalt is usually recovered as a byproduct of mining and refining nickel, silver, lead, copper, and iron.
Synthesis of products- cobalt is used in electroplating to give objects an attractive surface that resists oxidation, it is more widely used to form alloys. Alloy consisting of aluminum, nickel and cobalt is used to make powerful permanent magnets. Stellite alloys, which contain cobalt, chromium and tungsten, are used to make high-speed and high temperature cutting tools and dyes. Cobalt is also used to make alloys for jet engines and gas turbines, magnetic steels and some types of stainless steels.
4.Human health implications
Chemical dangers-
Dust explosion possible if in powder or granular form, mixed with air-physical
Chemical dangers- the substance may spontaneously ignite on contact with air or acetylene, when finely divided. Reacts with strong oxidants, causing fire and explosion hazard.
Exposures- The substance (as fume or dust) is mildly irritating to the respiratory tract.
Repeated or prolonged contact may cause skin sensitization. Repeated or prolonged inhalation exposure may cause asthma. Lungs may be affected by repeated or prolonged exposure. This substance is possibly carcinogenic to humans.
5. Environmental implications
reactions with chemicals:
When cobalt is heated, it reacts with halogens and other nonmetals.
Nonmetals: boron, carbon, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and sulfur.
in general cobalt doesn’t react with air until it is heated and the oxide Co3O4 is created.
Reaction of cobalt with the halogens- Cobalt(II) bromide, CoBr2 is created when cobalt metal and bromine react with one another, the final reaction gives off a green color
How to dispose of cobalt:
It is against Federal law to dispose of cobalt down the drain. All cobalt etching solutions and the rinse water from the first four rinses must be captured, labeled as Hazardous Waste
6.Economic/Political Impact
Cost of alternatives- $100 per gram for boron
What products would we not have if it were banned- alloy, magnets, jet engines
Which countries sell cobalt- china
How/If a ban affects you (or the average American)- the ban would affect the average American because almost everything has a magnet in it which means cobalt is in almost everything.
7.Summary
If we compare the cost the alternative chemical is $100 per gram. Cobalt is only $21 per gram. This is already a benefit. Cobalt does have one disadvantage to it because it causes asthma if inhaled enough. But it has to be seriously inhaled. Cobalt is also found in various minerals. Which is using our resources./Users/ksample/Desktop/Picture clipping.pictClipping
8.PSA